User Image

NMAH Photographic History Collection

Smithsonian Staff

#nmahphc

The Photographic History Collection (PHC) represents the history of the medium of photography. The PHC holds the work of over 2000 identified photographers and studios, about 200,000 photographs, about 15,000 cameras, pieces of apparatus, studio equipment and sensitized materials. The scope of the collection spans from daguerreotypes to digital and includes unidentified to well-known photographers, international and United States-centered objects, and familiar and experimental photographic formats.

The Photographic History Collection, now at the Smithsonian's National Museum of American History, was founded in 1896. The PHC was established by Thomas Smillie, the Smithsonian's first official photographer. Smillie established two photography collections ---the PHC and the Photo Lab which is now part of the Smithsonian Institution Archives, and he ran them simultaneously until his death in 1917. 

The PHC uses the Smithsonian Learning Lab as a place to offer a view into the collection's rich and diverse holdings. What is presented here online is not the entire Photographic History Collection. This digital space is a work in progress. We started publishing to the Learning Lab in February 2020 and are adding and improving as quickly as we can.

How to use the Smithsonian Learning Lab to discover PHC collections. 

  • To see a list of photographer and maker names, go here [link to come].
  • In the Learning Lab, the PHC's collections are organized into four groups: Photographer, Format/Process, Subject, and Cameras and Apparatus.
  • The Learning Lab collection only contains objects that have images attached to digital records. There may be additional objects and record information found at collections.si.edu.
  • The Learning Lab collection may only contain a sampling of images if the collection is substantial. Additional materials may be found at collections.si.edu.
  • Email us if you are looking for something specific.
  • Tip, use the tool that allows the user to see the collections alphabetically.

Collection Staff:  Shannon Thomas Perich, Curator

Contact: nmahphotohistory@si.edu

General Keywords: history of photography, photographic history, photographer, photographers, portraits, landscapes, cameras, photographic equipment, studio equipment, fine art photography, experimental photography, digital photography, patent models, photographic studio, ephemera, documents, cinema history, early motion picture, photojournalism, amateur photography, photography exhibitions, commercial photography

Photographic keywords: daguerreotype, calotype, salted paper print, gelatin silver print, tintype, ferrotype, ambrotype, collodion on glass, glass plate negative, platinum print, platinum-palladium print, photographs on fabric, cyanotype, cased images, ivorytype, stereoview, waxed paper negative, hologram, lenticular, Kromograms, press print, photo jewelry, stanhope, micro photography

Additional research resources: In December 2019, research resources that had been held in the division were distributed to other Smithsonian units. The "Personality Files" that contained biographies, obituaries, exhibition announcements, and such were absorbed by the Smithsonian Library NPG/AA branch; the list of subjects can be found here [link to come]. The "Archives Reference Files" that contained information about companies, products, and occasionally processes, were absorbed into the trade literature collection at the National Museum of American History branch of the Smithsonian Library. The Science Service images and files, the divisions's exhibition history files, personal files, correspondence files, and more can be found at the Smithsonian Archives.

NMAH Photographic History Collection's collections

 

Photographer: Powers, Mark James #nmahphc

<p>This is a collection of photography from the Photographic History Collection by Mark James Powers.</p> <p>For additional images, search collections.si.edu.</p> <p>Keywords: self-portrait, bathroom, street photography, color photography, store windows, gelatin silver print, humor, women, The Who, rock and roll, theater marquee, hot dog vendor, protest, politics, Wallace campaign, Nixon impeachment, politics, bus, transvestite, strippers, domestic violence, California</p>
NMAH Photographic History Collection
42
 

Photographer: Wilson, George Washington #nmahphc

<p>This is a selection of photographs from the Photographic History Collection of work by George Washington Wilson.<br></p> <p>For additional images, search collections.si.edu.</p> <p>Keywords: Scottish photographer, Scotland, England, cathedral, landscape, lakes, bridges, Aberdeen, Glasgow, Balmoral Castle, Lincoln Cathedral, Robert Burns cottage, Dunkeld, Killiecrankie, rivers, valleys, Shetland, rock formations, oceanside, seaside, Orkney, standing stones, loch, waterfall, Skye, Inverness,  Glencoe, Loch Ness, Staffa, caves, isle, mountain pass, abbey, churck, kirk, Edinburgh, nineteenth century photography</p>
NMAH Photographic History Collection
36
 

Photographer: Mydans, Carl #nmahphc

<p>The Carl Mydans Collection at the National Museum of American History consists of 166 photographs that span the years from the mid-1930s to the late 1960s, and two Halliburton camera cases that contain all his photographic equipment. <br></p> <p>For additional images, search collections.si.edu.</p> <p>Keywords: photojournalist, photojournalism, war photography, documentary photography, visual culture, picture magazines, current events, reportage, crisis photography, war coverage, Farm Security Administration, FSA, World War Two, World War II, WWII, Korean War, Life Magazine, U.S. Camera, Time Magazine</p> <p>Text from PHC finding aid written by Vanessa Pares:</p> <p>The photographs in the Photographic History Collection include the rural images created as part of his work for the Farm Security Administration and those taken while on assignment for <em>LIFE</em> magazine. In the mid-1930s, he covered cattle drives in the Big Bend, the oil boomtown of Freer and “brushhogs,” migratory workers who lived by the side of the road. A few years later, he completed the series on “sandhogs,” construction workers who built the Midtown Tunnel under the East River in New York City. </p> <p>During the 1940s, he recorded events of the Second World War, mainly in the Pacific theater. Once the war ended, he was sent to Bikini Island Atoll, an island chain in the Pacific that is part of the Marshall Islands chain. There he documented the evacuation of the people of Bikini from their home island in order to clear the way for major atomic testing, and the Bikinians' exodus to nearby Rongerik.</p> <p>The rest of the collection includes portraits of major political, military, and literary figures, such as Winston Churchill, General MacArthur and William Faulkner. Carl Mydans was a storyteller. Always seeking the drama and history of a moment, his pictures are meant to recount a story with no words. Carl Mydans was born in Boston on May 20, 1907. He graduated from Boston University with a degree in journalism, after which he went on to work as a free-lance writer for the <em>Boston Herald</em> and the <em>Boston Globe</em>. While a staff writer for the <em>American Banker</em>, Mydans began to carry a miniature camera on his assignments.</p> <p>In 1935, he carried a camera full time, joining the photographic unit of the Resettlement Administration, which merged into the Farm Security Administration in 1937. Under the supervision of Roy Stryker, a group of photographers—composed of Dorothea Lange, Walker Evens, Ben Shahn, Arthur Rothstein and Carl Mydans, among others—was sent on assignment to make a difference by reporting and documenting the plight of the poor farmer. Their task was to create a “pictorial history” of agriculture and focus on those most affected by the Great Depression. The photographers would tour the nation and interpret it through the shape of the land and the faces of the unemployed, the migrant farmers, and the sharecroppers. During this time, Mydans documented cotton production in the southeastern states, the impoverished dwellings of New England, and the creation of new “greenbelt towns” or government-sponsored planned communities. </p> <p>In 1936, Mydans left the FSA and was hired by the newly established <em>LIFE</em> magazine. One of his first assignments for <em>LIFE</em> was a photo essay on Texas, focusing mainly on the oil boomtown of Freer. It was also at this time that he met Shelley Smith, a <em>LIFE</em> researcher and journalist whom he married the following year. Once World War II broke out, the couple was sent to Europe as a reporter-photographer team. At first they went to England, covering London under siege, then to Sweden, and then to Finland, where Mydans had his first combat experience. The couple later traveled to Italy to cover Fascism, to France to witness its defeat, to Pearl Harbor to photograph American naval operations, and then to China. When the attack on Pearl Harbor occured, Carl and his wife were in Manila, the Philippines. Early in 1942, the Philippines were invaded by the Japanese and the couple was imprisoned. After almost nine months of captivity, they were moved from Santo Tomas University—an internment camp for civilians—to Shanghai. On December 1943, the couple, along with 1,400 American and Canadian citizens, was repatriated. Although Mydans was unable to cover the war, he was grateful to have survived and continue to watch and photograph all the events that encompassed his life. Soon after his return to the States, he was sent back to the European front. </p> <p>In 1944, he accompanied Allied forces to Italy where he covered the campaigns in Monte Cassino and Rome. After Italy, Mydans traveled to Marseilles to cover the fighting in southern France. Following the liberation of France, he was rushed back to the South Pacific to rejoin Gen. Douglas MacArthur for his triumphant return to the Philippines. Three weeks after the invasion of Luzon, Mydans took part in the charge into Manila—which concluded with the liberation of the remaining 4,000 civilian captives in Santo Tomas—alongside the 8th Cavalry Regiment. Months later, on September 2, 1945, Mydans was one of the few privileged photojournalists to be present at the site of the official Japanese surrender on the <em>U.S.S. Missouri</em>. After the Second World War, the Mydans took up residence in Tokyo, where he worked as chief editor of the TIME-LIFE news bureau. During those years, he captured the earthquake at Fukui, the Communist Revolution in China, and the war in Korea. </p> <p>In 1950, while on a trip to New York, Mydans received word of the outbreak of the Korean war. It only took him ten days to get himself shipped back into battle. Later that year, he received a Gold Achievement Award from <em>U.S. Camera</em> for his coverage of the Korean conflict. After the war, Mydans completed assignments in England, Berlin, and Russia, and traveled to Vietnam in 1968 to do a story on refugees. After the closing of <em>LIFE</em>, he continued to work as a photojournalist with <em>TIME</em> magazine, and wrote books based on his experiences at war. Mydans died on August 16, 2004.</p>
NMAH Photographic History Collection
42
 

Subject: Healthcare #nmahphc

<p>This collection of photographs from the Photographic History Collection related to the topic of medicine and healthcare covers a wide range of medical and healthcare relate topics. The photographs were created in a variety of formats and process with a range of styles, genres, and intended use, including entertainment.<br></p> <p>Search for additional images at collections.si.edu. </p> <p>Keywords (healthcare): nurses, doctors, dentist, medical care professional, hospital, sanatoriums, clinics, first aid, mental health, surgery, x-rays, ambulance, cast, crutches, wheelchair, vaccination, immunization, diseases, fundraising, nursing home, child birth, surgery, patients, alternate medicine, epidemic</p> <p>Keywords (photography): portraiture, photo journalism, documentary photography, snapshot photography, real photo postcards, motion pictures, albums, fine art photography, press prints, stereoviews, stereograph</p> <p>The <em>Lauren Greenfield</em> collection in Learning Lab features her photographs related women's weight, mental health, and psychological challenges. The <em>J. Ross Baughman</em> collection in Learning Lab features photographs related to his series <em>Beautified</em> which includes photographs of breast surgery, eyelid surgery, and other medical procedures. The Photographic History Collection also has images of breastfeeding. </p>
NMAH Photographic History Collection
58
 

Photographer: Leipzig, Arthur #nmahphc

<p>This a collection of photographs by Arthur Leipzig from the Photographic History Collection.<br></p> <p>This selection includes photographs of swamp loggers and swamp logging in the Everglades. He was on assignment for <em>Argus Men's Magazine</em> in 1954.<br></p> <p>This selection also includes two photographs of people using cameras, Zero Mostel, Joseph Welsh, and  Ernest Rice McKinney.</p> <p>Copyright Arthur Leipzig<br></p> <p>For additional work by Leipzig, search collections.si.edu.</p>
NMAH Photographic History Collection
21
 

Subject: Winter Sports and Activities #nmahphc

<p>This is a selection of photographs from the Photographic History Collection related to winter sports and outdoor activities.</p> <p>For additional collections, search collections.si.edu. </p> <p>Keywords: ice hockey, ice skating, skiing, sledding, tobogganing, ice fishing, curling, sleigh, sleigh rides, snow shoeing, dog sled, ice rink, hockey rink, walking in snow, playing in the snow</p> <p></p>
NMAH Photographic History Collection
32
 

Photographer: Metzker, Ray #nmahphc

<p>This is an assortment of photographs from the Photographic History Collection by Ray K. Metzker.<br></p> <p>Copyright Ray K. Metzker</p> <p>For additional images, search collections.si.edu.</p> <p>Keywords: modernism, gelatin silver print, street photography, sequencing, narrative, film strip, graphic, breaking the frame, 35mm negative</p>
NMAH Photographic History Collection
13
 

Subject: Books and Reading #nmahphc

<p>This is an assortment of photographs from the Photographic History Collection of people reading, books, and libraries. <br></p> <p>For additional images, search collections.si.edu.</p> <p>Keywords: read, reading, books, letters, magazines, journals, newspapers, library, libraries, bookshop, book store, librarian</p> <p></p>
NMAH Photographic History Collection
80
 

Subject: New York City #nmahphc

<p>This is an assortment of photographs from the Photographic History Collection depicting New York City.<br></p> <p>For additional images see collections.si.edu.</p>
NMAH Photographic History Collection
22
 

Photographer: Keppler, Victor #nmahphc

<p>The Victor Keppler collection at the NMAH Photographic History Collection consists of 84 color carbro prints, four bromide prints, two dye transfer prints, 23 silver gelatin prints, two transparencies, and various additional ephemera.<br></p> <p>For additional materials search, collections.si.edu.</p> <p>Keywords: color carbro pigment prints, <em>Eighth Art</em>, color photography, advertising, <em>Saturday Evening Post</em>, Camel cigarettes, Seagram's 7, calendar, ice skaters, food, ice cream, strawberry shortcake, meat, shellfish, portraiture, travel photography, print culture, Christmas cards</p> <p>Victor Keppler produced the first color photographic cover of two jumping ice skaters for the <em>Saturday Evening Post</em> issued March 6, 1937. He was instrumental in working with print publications to match RGB color of photography to CMYK inks for publication printing. <em>Wine and Cheese </em>was an award winning photograph.</p>
NMAH Photographic History Collection
89
 

Subject: Photo Albums #nmahphc

<p>This is a sampling of photographic albums from the Photographic History Collection.<br></p> <p>Please note, viewing these albums may require patience on the part of the viewer. Most of these albums have pages visible to the public. The pages may be included in photographs attached to the "More Info" record. If pages are not individually visible through the record, go to collections.si.edu and search for the <strong>catalog number</strong> found on the "More Info" record; the pages of the album can be seen in a pdf slide show.</p> <p>The Photographic History Collection contains many albums with and without images. For additional photographic objects, search collections.si.edu.</p> <p>Keywords: photo album, photography album, album pages, gem tintypes, carte-de-visite, cartes-de-visite, cabinet card, cigarette cards, studio photography, studio portraiture, snapshots, travel photography, celebrity photography, collectible photography, vernacular photography, portrait photography, Civil War, WWI, photography, family record keeping, Disneyland, Disneyworld, tourist destinations, yearbooks, college years, cyanotypes, circus, scrapbook, wallpaper sample book, composition notebook, actors, actresses, stage performers, soldiers, photographers</p> <p>(The objects included in this Learning Lab collection are all intact albums. Not included are individual album pages or photographic images that were previously included in albums or books.)</p> <p><br></p>
NMAH Photographic History Collection
29
 

Photographer: Law, Lisa #nmahphc

<p>The Lisa Law collection at the NMAH Photographic History Department consists of 202 silver gelatin photographs.<br></p> <p>Copyright Lisa Law</p> <p>Keywords: 1960s, counter culture movement, Bob Dylan, Janis Joplin, The Beatles, Lovin Spoonful, Peter, Paul and Mary, Woodstock, Haight-Ashbury, Coretta Scott King, Allen Ginsberg, Timothy Leary, Yogi Bhajan, New Buffalo Commune, hippies, music and photography, Vietnam protests, farming, back to the land movement, communal living, yoga, spirituality, cooking, motherhood</p> <p>With her camera, Lisa Law documented history in the heart of the counterculture revolution of the 1960s as she lived it, as a participant, an agent of change and a member of the broader culture. She recorded this time of anti-war demonstrations in California, communes, Love-Ins, peace marches and concerts, as well as her family life as she became a wife and mother. </p> <p>The photographs were collected by William Yeingst and Shannon Perich in a cross-unit collecting collaboration.  A selection of the photographs were featured in the exhibition <em>A Visual Journey: Photographs by Lisa Law, 1964–1971</em>, at the National Museum of American History, October 1998-April 1999. Together, the curators selected over two hundred photographs relevant to photographic history, cultural history, domestic life and social history. Law’s portraiture and concert photographs include Bob Dylan, The Beatles, Lovin Spoonful and Peter, Paul and Mary. She also took several of Janis Joplin and her band Big Brother and the Holding Company, including the photograph used to create the poster included in the Smithsonian’s American Art Museum’s exhibition <em>1001 Days and Nights in American Art</em>. </p> <p>Law and other members of the Hog Farm were involved in the logistics of setting up the well-known musical extravaganza, Woodstock. Her photographs include the teepee poles going into the hold of the plane, a few concert scenes and amenities like the kitchen and medical tent. Other photographs include peace rallies and concerts in Haight-Ashbury, Coretta Scott King speaking at an Anti-War protest and portraits of Allen Ginsberg and Timothy Leary. From her life in New Mexico the photographs include yoga sessions with Yogi Bhajan, bus races, parades and other public events. From life on the New Buffalo Commune, there are many pictures of her family and friends taken during meal preparation and eating, farming, building, playing, giving birth and caring for children. After Law left the farm, she began a career as a photographer.  In 1990, her video documentary, “Flashing on the Sixties,” won several awards.</p>
NMAH Photographic History Collection
32