Asking questions and defining problems in grades 9–12 builds from grades K–8 experiences and progresses to formulating, refining, and evaluating empirically testable questions and design problems using models and simulations.

• Evaluate questions that challenge the premise(s) of an argument, the interpretation of a data set, or the suitability of a design.
• Ask questions that arise from examining models or a theory to clarify relationships.
• Analyze complex real-world problems by specifying criteria and constraints for successful solutions.