id:edanmdm-nmah_690752
url:edanmdm:nmah_690752
hash:c93f92d4a387fb2be6b61171f69a506c40e21e63
type:edanmdm
title:Odhner Arithmometer
status:0
content:
 freetext:
  date:
  
  label:date made
  content:ca 1896


  name:
  
  label:maker
  content:Odhner, W. T.


  notes:
   
   label:Description
   content:In about 1886 the Swede W. T. Odhner, who worked in St. Petersburg, Russia, opened his own shop where he worked on improvements to the pinwheel calculating machine he had introduced the previous decade. By 1890, Odhner had a commercial product, and had begun to produce calculating machines in some numbers. In 1893 he exhibited his arithmometer, or reckoning machine, at the Columbian Exposition, a World’s Fair held in Chicago.

   
   label:Description
   content:This is an example of an Odhner arithmometer from the 1890s. The machine has a brass frame, painted black, with eight metal pinwheels and a wooden base. Numbers are set by rotating the pinwheels forward, using levers that extend from the wheels. Digits inscribed on the frame next to the rotating pinwheels show the number set. The machine has no separate set of windows to show these digits.

   
   label:Description
   content:The carriage is at the front of the machine, with eight windows for the revolution counter on the left and 13 windows for the result register on the right. Wing nuts at opposite ends of the carriage zero these registers. To release the carriage, one pushes down a lever at the front. the machine has no metal holds to ease the shifting. A crank with a wooden knob on the right side of the machine rotates clockwise for addition and multiplication, and counterclockwise for subtraction and division. The machine has no decimal markers.

   
   label:Description
   content:A mark on the top reads: No 2676. Another mark there reads: The Spectator Company (/) New York

   
   label:Description
   content:Compare MA.328418.

   
   label:Description
   content:According to the <I>Odhner History</I>, W. T. Odhner manufactured calculating machines in Russia on his own from 1886 until his death in 1905. According to Timo Leiipälä, from 1892 until 1896 Odhner manufactured calculating machines in conjunction with an Englishman named Hill. These machines are marked (in Cyrillic) Odhner and Hill. There appears to be no mention of Hill on this machine. By the time Odhner manufactured machine number 2490, Hill was no longer in the picture. Leipälä dates the machine to between 1896 and 1899. The Spectator Company of New York was the U.S. agent for the Odhner calculating machine from at least 1897 through at least 1903. In 1897 it advertised this model of the Odhner as selling for $125.

   
   label:Description
   content:References:

   
   label:Description
   content:Timo Leipälä, “The Life and Works of W. T. Odhner,” <I> Greifswalder Symposium zur Entwicklung der Rechentechnik</I>, ed. W. Girbardt, Greifswald: Univ. Greifswald, Inst. für Mathematik und Informatik, 2003 and 2006.

   
   label:Description
   content:Timo Leipälä, Personal communication.

   
   label:Description
   content:Henry Wassen, <I>Odhner History</I>, Gothenburg, Aktiebolaget Original-Odhner, 1951.

   
   label:Description
   content:The Spectator Company, <I>The Insurance Year Book 1897-8</I>, New York, 1897, p. 30.

   
   label:Location
   content:Currently not on view


   place:
   
   label:place made
   content:Russia: Saint Petersburg, St. Petersburg


   topic:
   
   label:subject
   content:Mathematics


   setName:
   
   label:See more items in
   content:Medicine and Science: Mathematics

   
   label:See more items in
   content:Science & Mathematics

   
   label:See more items in
   content:Calculating Machines


   creditLine:
   
   label:Credit Line
   content:Gift of Victor Comptometer Corporation


   dataSource:
   
   label:Data Source
   content:National Museum of American History


   identifier:
   
   label:ID Number
   content:MA.323601

   
   label:accession number
   content:250163

   
   label:catalog number
   content:323601

   
   label:maker number
   content:2676


   objectType:
   
   label:Object Name
   content:calculating machine


   physicalDescription:
   
   label:Physical Description
   content:brass (overall material)

   
   label:Physical Description
   content:steel (overall material)

   
   label:Physical Description
   content:wood (overall material)

   
   label:Measurements
   content:overall: 14 cm x 34.2 cm x 20.6 cm; 5 1/2 in x 13 15/32 in x 8 1/8 in



  indexedStructured:
   date:
   1890s

   name:
   Odhner, W. T.

   place:
   St. Petersburg
   Saint Petersburg
   Russia

   topic:
   Science
   Mathematics
   Calculating Machines

   geoLocation:0
   object_type:
   calculating machine

   online_media_type:
   Images


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    title:
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    content:Odhner Arithmometer

    record_ID:nmah_690752
    unit_code:NMAH
    title_sort:ODHNER ARITHMOMETER
    data_source:National Museum of American History
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