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During WWII, Russia, in need of extra soldiers, sent many women into battle. That's how Lyudmila Pavlichenko became one of the most feared snipers of all time. From: THE WEAPON HUNTER: Sniper Rifles http://bit.ly/1NWDx1J

Geologist Brent Garry of the National Air and Space Museum's Center for Earth and Planetary Studies discusses the purpose and development of rovers to aid in human exploration. He compares the rovers used by Apollo astronauts to new rovers currently being developed by NASA for when humans return to the Moon. This video was created from a live audio recording of an Ask an Expert lecture presented on March 18, 2009. Ask an Expert is a free, informal lecture program presented to the public by Museum staff. Total running time: 14 minutes, 55 seconds Produced by: Michael Joseph, National Air and Space Museum Source materials: NASA, Brent Garry, Desert RATS Team, Science Channel

This presentation was recorded on June 9 at the National Air and Space Museum's National Mall building as part of the Exploring Space Lecture Series. In July 2011, the Dawn spacecraft will begin to orbit Vesta, the second most massive object in the asteroid belt. Studies from afar show tantalizing clues suggesting Vesta is a fascinating world that experienced volcanic activity and a huge impact event. Learn all about Dawn and how we will study the surface of Vesta in this lecture presented only weeks before the spacecraft is due to arrive at this previously unseen world. Carle Pieters is a Co-Investigator on the Dawn mission. She is a Professor of Geological Sciences at Brown University and was the Principal Investigator for the Moon Mineralogy Mapper on the Chandrayaan-1, India's first lunar spacecraft.

Hossein Sadeghpour, ITAMP ,during the workshop, "Hydrogen Cosmology Workshop", held May 18-20, 2011 at The Institute for Theoretical, Atomic and Molecular and Optical Physics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts. This workshop was sponsored jointly with The Institute for Theory and Computation. © Harvard University and Hossein Sadeghpour. The text and images on ITAMP's YouTube channel are intended for public access and educational use. This material is owned or held by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. It is being provided solely for the purpose of teaching or individual research or enrichment. Any other use, including commercial reuse, mounting on other systems, or other forms of redistribution requires permission. ITAMP is supported through grants by the National Science Foundation Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s).

Secretary Wayne Clough and select Smithsonian Digital Volunteers make time to chat about transcribing, discovery, and community in the Transcription Center, as well as wider digitization activities at the Smithsonian Institution.

This video is about Asia After Dark

With the support of the Ella Fitzgerald Charitable Foundation and the John Hammond Performance Series Endowment Fund, the National Museum of American History is pleased to have begun its first artist in residence program and music internship program, “Making American Music.” The program seeks to assist and encourage young musicians and enrich the experience of thousands of people visiting the Smithsonian in person and online. About the program The Artist Inaugural Artist in Residence, Dom Flemons, is a Grammy winner as well as a founding member of the celebrated Carolina Chocolate Drops. Flemons is known as “The American Songster” since his repertoire of music covers nearly 100 years of American folklore, ballads, and tunes. He is a music scholar, historian, record collector and a multi-instrumentalist (Banjo, Fife, Guitar, Harmonica, Percussion, Quills, and Rhythm Bones). Flemons is currently creating two albums for Smithsonian Folkways Records. The Interns Hannah Baker is a graduate of the American Roots Music program at the Berklee College of Music in Boston. She plays guitar and fiddle and is a skilled singer-songwriter with a recently-released debut EP and a passion for historic music research. Her current topic of study is the role of race in American roots music. Kelly Bosworth is a graduate student in the Ethnomusicology program at Indiana University. She plays guitar and is a singer-songwriter as well as an educator – teaching harmony, folk singing, and guitar. Kelly’s research interests include vernacular music, community music-making, and social justice. Rose Rodgers is a graduate of the University of California Santa Cruz. She plays flute, sings and is proficient in historical research with primary documents. Her research is currently focused on the role music has played in building communities against social inequality while providing a voice for marginalized peoples. Libby Weitnauer is a graduate student in the Music Performance program at New York University. She plays violin and sings. She hopes to one day create a music program that combines her passion for Appalachian fiddle music with research into displaced populations throughout American history and how they have used music to connect to each other. This video was produced by Sarah McCoy.

This 16mm black and white film print is a short documentary made for the National Education Television's Black Journal television program. Editor Madeline Anderson compiled footage of Malcolm X to commemorate the four year anniversary of his assassination.

Consists of: 16mm Film (a), Original 600 foot metal Film Reel (b), and Original 600 foot metal Film Canister (c).

2012.79.1.37.1a: 16mm film. This film opens with footage of the public attending the funeral/wake of Malcolm X, and a voice-over of a male narrator recounts the sentiments of some individuals describing what Malcolm X meant to the African American community during his life and after his assassination. Malcolm X's wife, Betty Shabazz, discusses Malcolm's early childhood roots, family, stints in foster care and boys' homes, and his struggle to stay on the straight and narrow in Boston, MA. The narrator then picks back up describing Malcolm X's biography and attitude towards race relations and integration in America. Excerpts from various television interviews with Malcolm X play. During the first interview clip, Malcolm explains why he believes integration has not been successful and cannot be successful (during that particular point in time) unless certain issues are addressed. In the second interview clip, Malcolm discusses why he was silenced by the Nation of Islam for a comment he made shortly after the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. He elaborates on what he actually meant by saying that "chickens are coming home to roost" amid an unaddressed climate of hate in the United States. The third interview is with Malcolm after he returned from his pilgrimage to Mecca. American reporters ask him about his feelings on integration in America, now that he has returned from Mecca, where Muslims from all over were participating in the pilgrimage to Mecca together. Malcolm states that his feelings on integration have not changed as a result of the brotherhood he experienced during his trip Mecca. An interview with Betty Shabazz picks up again, and she further explains her late husband's beliefs concerning integration and his wish to redirect the goal of the black struggle from civil rights to human rights by internationalizing the struggle and aligning African Americans with other marginalized groups around the world. Another interview with Malcolm X plays, and he explains, in his own words, how human rights is an international issue that should be addressed by the United Nations. Footage of a civil rights demonstration plays. Malcolm X addresses students in Selma, Alabama and talks about charging the United States with human rights violations. Further, he tells a story in which he defines what he believes to be the difference in mentality between what he calls a "field negro" and a "house negro". He states that he is a "field negro" ready to fight for his freedom.

2012.79.1.37.1b: Original 600 foot film reel.

2012.79.1.37.1c: Original 600 foot film canister. The metal can has two sticker labels, one on each side, with the name of the film and the film distribution company or organization.

This film is from a collection of home movies filmed by the family of Michael Holman, an important figure in the history of hip hop.

Consists of: Super 8mm Film (a), Original Film Reel (b), and Original Film Container (c).

2016.31.3.24.1a: Super 8mm film. The film begins with two young women holding babies. On the left, Gwendolyn Holman wears a navy blue dress and white cat-eye glasses. She holds Lisa Holman who is wearing a pink top and red pants. On the right, Deborah Pitts wears a white shirt with a turquoise vest and cat-eye glasses. She holds Allan Pitts who wears an orange collared shirt with a white jacket over it. Keith Holman wears a light blue collared shirt with a navy sweater over it, and stands between the two young women, playing with the babies. Michael Holman sits on the left side of a piano bench, wearing glasses and a navy sweater over a plaid button down shirt, and plays a song with James Holman, Jr., who sits on the right wearing a navy shirt. Van Pitts wears a white jacket and leans against the side of the piano. Next, Mattie Holman, wearing a blue dress with a white and blue-checked vest and glasses, interacts with Lisa Holman and Alan Pitts. Gwendolyn Holman holds Lisa Holman and stands next to Linda Holman who wears a white dress with a blue paisley scarf and holds a teddy bear. There are presents and wrapping paper strewn about the room. In the next shot, a group of adults are seated on the room's couch as children play with the toys they've been given. Sitting on the couch from right to left are Gwendolyn Holman, Linda Holman, Thomas Holman, wearing red, grey, and white striped button down, and Keith Holman, who sits in Thomas’ lap. In the next frame, Franklin Pitts sits to the left of Thomas Holman and Virginia Pitts sits to the left of Franklin, Allan Pitts is between them. The camera pans to the left and shows James Holman, Sr. wearing a yellow turtleneck and brown sweater, and sitting to the left of Virginia Pitts, wearing a green sleeveless dress, followed by Mattie Holman. Pauline Thompson Wood wears a pink button-down dress and stands next to Mattie, handing out gifts. Christmas lights can be seen in the window behind them. A boy, Michael Holman, playfully enters the room waving around a shoe and exits the same way. The next shot begins as a medium shot of the family's Christmas tree and then pans over to the adults seated on the couch before zooming in on the youngest children playing in the foreground. The film concludes with shots of the older children playing an unidentified song together on piano accompanied by various percussion instruments, including maracas. The adults clap along in the background.

2016.31.3.24.1b: Original film reel. White plastic with a brief content note.

2016.31.3.24.1c: Original film container. Blue plastic with scratched out tape labels.

This film is from a collection of home movies filmed by the family of Michael Holman, an important figure in the history of hip hop.

Consists of: Super 8mm Film (a), Original Film Reel (b), and Original Film Container(c).

2016.31.3.26.1a: Super 8mm film. The film begins with several establishing shots of Crenshaw High School in Los Angeles, CA. Included are wide shots of the building and students exiting a school bus at the main entrance. Next, a series of shots depict students working in a chemistry classroom. Thomas Holman briefly appears as a chemistry teacher, wearing a white button down shirt with an open navy sweater and purple tie. The subsequent section of footage consists of wide shots of major landmarks on the University of Southern California campus. This is followed by a shot of people chatting in a classroom. In the next several shots, this same group of people are gathered outdoors on the USC campus chatting and mugging for the camera. The film concludes with further shots of landmarks on the USC campus and a Southern Pacific freight train passing through an unidentified location.

2016.31.3.26.1b: Original film reel. Yellow plastic with brief content notes.

2016.31.3.26.1c: Original film container. Blue plastic with Drewry Photocolor markings.

This film is from a collection of home movies filmed by the family of Michael Holman, an important figure in the history of hip hop.

Consists of: 8mm Film (a), Original Film Reel (c), and Original Film Box (c).

2016.31.3.9.1a: 8mm film. The film begins with shot by the side of a road as a convoy of cars drives by. Some of the cars have bicycles mounted on the roof. Next is a series of shots depicting street scenes in Barcelona, Spain. Included is a shot of Placa de Espana and the Arenas de Barcelona bull ring.

2016.31.3.9.1b: Original film reel.

2016.31.9.1c: Original film box. Standard yellow Kodak 8mm film box with handwritten mailing addresses for processing film in Europe. Includes a brief handwritten content note.

Benjamin Earl Turner is a member of Youth Speaks, a nationally recognized nonprofit organization based out of San Francisco and the surrounding Bay Area. Their aim is to “create safe spaces that challenge young people to find, develop, publicly present, and apply their voices as creators of societal change.” He, along with other poets from the organization, clearly exhibits his passion for speaking out against injustice, exposing inequitable societal norms, and acting as a catalyst for change. Members of Youth Speaks performed at the 2016 Smithsonian Folklife Festival as part of the "Sounds of California" program. Videography: John Wetmore, Ryan Shank, Claudia Romano, Lillian Schneyer, Kamila Young Editing: Alexis Ligon http://www.festival.si.edu/blog/2016/youth-speaks-diatribe-of-a-shepards-son-by-benjamin-earl-turner/ [Catalog No. CFV10823; Copyright 2016 Smithsonian Institution]

FORKLIFE traces the journeys of immigrant food traditions taking root in the United States, narrated by the D.C. chefs and cooks who carried them here. This episode features Chef Seng and Chef Bobby from Thip Khao in Washington, D.C., and Bangkok Golden in Northern Virginia. Read more: https://s.si.edu/2JwzJEh Producers: Crystal H. Rie, Cecilia Peterson [Catalog No. CFV11016; Copyright 2018, Smithsonian Institution]

Lecture II pt II Tilman Pfau, University of Stuttgart, lecturing during ITAMP/B2 Institute Winter Graduate School on AMO Physics held at the B2 campus in Arizona January 4-12,2014

Africa Underground opens the doors of the National Museum of African Art after hours for the public to enjoy the museum's stunning exhibitions and features performances. dancing, light refreshments and drinks. Soul Africa was provided by Juanitos and is licensed under a Attribution-Share Alike 2.0 France License.

On June 30, 1908, an asteroid caused a massive air blast that flattened thousands of square miles in Siberia. To mark the 110 year anniversary of the largest impact-related event in modern history, we brought in asteroid experts to discuss the threats asteroids pose and how we are protecting ourselves from the danger they may cause. The discussion will be moderated by the Applied Physics Laboratory's Cheryl Reed, who works on the asteroid deflection demonstration mission. Speakers include: •Museum geologist Jim Zimbelman on the importance of impacts throughout the solar system •NASA astronaut Tom Jones on the asteroid hazard from a scientist-astronaut's perspective •NASA scientists Lindley Johnson and Kelly Fast on NASA's planetary defense activities This program is in recognition of Asteroid Day, a UN-sanctioned global awareness campaign.

December 21, 2012, signals the much-anticipated passing of the "13 Bak'tun" in the ancient American indigenous system of time keeping. As we approach the Mayan Calendar day that marks the turn of eras, Dr. Victor Montejo offers a fascinating presentation on the deep meaning of millennial Maya culture and history from the perspective of a noted Native scholar and author. December 21, 2012, signals the much-anticipated passing of the "13 B'ak'tun" in the ancient American indigenous system of time keeping. As we approach the Mayan Calendar day that marks the turn of eras, Dr. Victor Montejo offers a fascinating presentation on the deep meaning of millennial Maya culture and history from the perspective of a noted Native scholar and author. Victor Montejo is a Jakaltek Maya originally from Guatemala. Previously a professor and chair of the Native American Studies Department at the University of California, Davis, Dr. Montejo now lives in Guatemala. He was formerly Minister of Peace in the Guatemalan Republic. Montejo also served as a member of the Guatemalan National Congress from 2004 to 2008. An internationally recognized author, Montejo's major publications include Testimony: Death of a Guatemalan Village; Voices from Exile: Violence and Survival in Modern Maya History; Maya Intellectual Renaissance: Critical Essays on Identity, Representation and Leadership; Popol Vuh: Sacred Book of the Mayas; and Q'anil: Man of Lightning. His current projects focus on indigenous migration and transnationalism, as well as in developing a curriculum in Native knowledge and epistemology in his new manuscript, Mayalogue: An Interactionist Theory of Indigenous Cultures.

Happy birthday to us! #Celebrando20años of promoting the Latino presence at the Smithsonian. Join the celebration! http://latino.si.edu/Support/Donate

On February 13 and 14 artist/baker Zilly Rosen constructed dual portraits of Barack Obama and Abraham Lincoln out of 5900 cupcakes. This is a time lapse of the installation and the "de-install" (that is, the eating) by hundreds of museum visitors.

This composite image of the Hydra A galaxy cluster shows 10-million-degree gas observed by Chandra and jets of radio emission observed by the Very Large Array.

As far as we know, these laws of physics are universal. They apply here. They apply there. They apply everywhere. More at: http://hte.si.edu/

This is an introduction to the African Cosmos, for the exhibition African Cosmos: Stellar Art, at the National Museum of African Art. ARTLAB+ teens interviewed the artist and scientists, filmed them, and edited the final shorts.